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Phoebe Carolyn Harding Votaw (October 21, 1879 – October 22, 1951) the youngest sister of Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States, was a missionary, then a public officeholder in Washington D.C. before and during his administration. She was born in Caledonia, Ohio, in 1879,〔(Ellis Island Ship Manifest For S.S. St. Louis Voyage ending Oct. 3, 1914 ) (reflecting date and place of birth), available at www.ellisisland.org, accessed 2010-11-21.〕 and graduated from high school in Marion, Ohio, in 1898.〔"High School Class of 1898 Holds Reunion on its 50th Anniversary," Marion Star, 1948-06-10 at p. 24.〕 To distinguish her from her mother, Phoebe Dickerson Harding, she was known by her middle name Carolyn. From 1905 to 1914, she served as a missionary in Burma with her husband, Heber H. Votaw, a Seventh-day Adventist minister, whom she wed in 1903.〔Bill Knott, “(The Nearly Adventist President ),” (Adventist Review ), accessed 2010-11-16.〕 They moved to Washington while Harding was a U.S. Senator from Ohio. There, she was an early member of the Women’s Bureau of the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia, serving as a probation officer,〔“(Harding’s Sister Resigns ),” New York Times, 1920-10-20.〕 and running a program for unwed mothers.〔 During that period, her husband served as a clerk to Senator Harding, then as an assistant clerk for the U.S. Senate Committee on the Philippines,〔“(Sister’s View of Harding ),” New York Times, 1920-06-14, at p. 3.〕 which Harding chaired in 1919 and 1920. Soon after her brother was elected to the presidency in 1920, she was appointed to head the social service division of the U.S. Public Health Service,〔(Milestones, Nov. 5, 1951 ), Time Magazine, 1951-11-05.〕〔“( Bits of News ),” Oswego Daily Palladium, 1920-11-24, p. 9.〕 while her husband was named by Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty as Superintendent of Prisons and chairman of the boards of parole at each institution.〔Morris Robert Werner, “(Privileged Character ),” p. 24 (1974).〕〔"(Obituary, Heber H. Votaw )," New York Times, 1962-10-08.〕 Mrs. Votaw also served as an advisor to the Federal Board of Vocation Education within the Veterans’ Bureau, which caused her name to arise during testimony in the successful prosecution of the Bureau’s director, Charles R. Forbes, on corruption charges.〔“Forbes-Thompson Trial Expected to Go to Jury on Thursday,” San Antonio Express, 1925-01-28 at p. 3.〕 She arranged a tour of the White House for Nan Britton, with whom Harding allegedly had an extensive affair, and their child, Elizabeth Britton.〔Carl Sferrazza Anthony, "(America's First Families: An Inside View of 200 Years of Private Life in the White House )," p. 147 (2000), ISBN 0-684-86442-8.〕 In 1924, after President Harding died in office, Heber Votaw's integrity was challenged in a U.S. Senate hearing on misconduct within the Daugherty Department of Justice. William J. Burns, then the head of the Bureau of Investigation, alleged that Votaw called him off an investigation of a narcotics smuggling ring at Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, fearing the adverse publicity it would generate.〔"Dope Scandal Ensnarles Harding," Lubbock(TX) Morning Avalanche, 1924-04-06, p. 29.〕 He resigned the following year, citing ill health.〔"(Votaw Quits Office as Head of Prisons )," New York Times, 1925-01-22, p. 3.〕 The Votaws lived at 7633 Carroll Avenue in Takoma Park, Maryland.〔Diane Kohn, (White House Connections: Six Miles of Separation ),” Takoma Voice, accessed 2010-11-16.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carolyn Harding Votaw」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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